Friday, January 10, 2014

A Progression of Sized Drawers: Furniture Design

http://www.bassettfurniture.com/images/catalog/ProductZoom/2417-0252S.JPG

As many art teachers know, the Fibonacci series (and the golden ratio) is often found in nature, art and architecture. As a woodworking hobbyist, I've often heard that it was common for traditional furniture makers to use the Fibonacci series to derive the size ratios of a stack of drawers - you know, how the deepest drawer is at the bottom, and the drawers get successively shallower as you get to the top drawer. It turns out that there are a number of other interesting ways to derive the progression of sized drawers.

While exploring the application of the Fibonacci series, I discovered three other systems, and a cool design tool

Being a tool fanatic, and a fan of a company called Woodpeckers, I stumbled upon this interesting tool for woodworkers to use for design and layout.

http://www.woodpeck.com/fibonacci.html

Along with the Fibonacci progression, there is also: the Hambridge progression, the arithmetic progression, and the Geometric progression.  Here is a visual example of these (thanks to Gravitar and his blog, Math Science Notes, at http://mathscinotes.wordpress.com/2010/12/03/calculating-drawer-heights/) At Gravitar's blog, he explains the math behind each of the progressions. Later, I will show you a link to a woodworkers site where there is a calculator widget for each of these progressions.



Again from Gravitar's blog, here is a quick illustration of how the Hambridge progression is constructed using a compass.



At first the Hambridge progression looks similar to the golden ratio (and rectangle), but it's different. Here's an explanation of the golden rectangle from http://www.mathsisfun.com/numbers/golden-ratio.html


Based on the above explanation, I made my own construction of the 6 drawer heights. Being a "visual thinker," I don't think I'd be able to do this with numbers. Except for the top 2 drawers, this looks very similar to the Fibonacci progression - I'll need to check with a math expert to find out if they are the same.



All of these calculations are available in a cool widget at http://www.woodbin.com/calcs/index.htm, where you can choose the kind of progression, enter the total height, the number of drawers, and the space between drawers, and the widget will give you resulting dimensions.

Sunday, August 11, 2013

What would be the Turing Test for Life Itself?


The 'Turing Test' is an idea for a way to test a machine to see if it is indistinguishable from a truly intelligent being. What would be a way to test for autonomous life? (Are virus' living?) This seems to be the question that is asked in this new NPR article about my favorite kinetic sculpture, Theo Jansen.

http://www.npr.org/blogs/13.7/2013/08/08/210130502/beach-beasts-on-the-move

Saturday, August 3, 2013

New Structures for a 3D Printed Commercial Airline Plane


Anyone who knows me well has heard me rant about how the technological revolution of the last 20 years has brought us endlessly amazing new innovations that we have never even imagined before, yet it has somehow passed a blind eye over airline travel. Aside from having WIFI and low-res video screens on the backs of chairs, the airplanes of today might as well be the jets of the 1970's - that's 40 years ago!) I blame part of this on NASA. The agency is responsible for R&D and innovation but has neglected the first A in it's acronym. To be fair, their budget has been pretty piss poor. As my favorite astrophysicist, Neil deGrasse Tyson has pointed out, the 2008 bank bailout was greater than the entire 50 YEAR BUDGET of NASA. You can see the priorities have led us to neglect NASA.
[More on this in another post]

Recently there has been some chatter about privatization of this kind of R&D - including space exploration. Personally, (because of the influence of Mr. Tyson) I'm dubious.

It's heartening to see that Airbus is thinking pretty longterm about it's innovations in commercial airline planes. Completely new forms of construction and engineering is being considered at all levels of manufacturing (down to network and utility "wiring"). Watch the TED talk below.

MorpHex: Sculptural Sphere that Transforms into a Hexapod


MorpHex is described by it's inventor, a Norwegian engineer named Kåre halvorsen, as a "piece of art that is a remotely controlled robot." MorpHex is a modification of a hexapod. Is morphs into an omni directional sphere as well as a six legged walker. There are some impressive, quick moving and agile hexapods out there. This one does not skitter about, but is very elegant in it's movements. This iteration of MorpHex rolls in a slight arc, but the next version is said to be able to roll in a straight line. Watch the YouTube video below.

(Photo above from http://blog.bricogeek.com/noticias/robotica/robot-morphex-el-robot-pelota-hexapodo)

http://www.musicafive.com/images/articulos/tecnologia/profesional/MorpHex_1.jpg 



Thursday, August 1, 2013

A One Trillion Dollar Story


Columbia University offers a Master of Science in Narrative Medicine.
Yale Medical School has a required class where students learn to observe art.
Corporate CEO's are attending Hollywood scriptwriting seminars.

What gives?

A few years ago I reluctantly agreed to be the MC for the school's Student Film Festival. Reluctant because I suffer from serious performance anxiety when I'm in front of a large audience. In my introduction I explained to the audience made up of students, their parents, siblings and friends, that what my students are really learning and practicing is the art of story telling. That, and learning to be visually literate. Both of these are parts of one of THE most powerful languages used to communicate to individuals or whole audiences. I went on to explain that only a few of my students will go on to be auteurs, filmmakers, or videographers; but I am heartened, because learning these two parts of communication is INVALUABLE - no matter what field they eventually go into.

So I was especially heartened when I read Dan Pink's book, A Whole New Mind: Why Right-Brainers Will Rule the Future where he describes six "right brain" oriented processes that are key to the new economy. One of the six is NARRATIVE. By the way, the others are DESIGN, NARRATIVE, SYNTHESIS (he calls it symphony), EMPATHY, PLAY/WONDERMENT and MEANING. In my mind narrative is closely related to MEANING.

As an old friend of mine used to say, "He's completely right!... AND, I totally agree with him."

Facts and figures are data points. The more data points you have the clearer the picture becomes. But all the data points still doesn't give you the whole picture. But story does. Story gives you nuance, story give you context, it gives you meaning (see how I did that?).

Apparently, a bunch of people much smarter than me, seem to think so too. Columbia Univerisity Medical Center has what they call a "Program in Narrative Medicine." http://www.narrativemedicine.org In this program they offer a Master of Science in Narrative Medicine and they've organized the International Network of Narrative Medicine. The idea is that doctors can glean much more information from and about their patients if they learn to listen to and understand their stories.

Sometimes visual art teachers will do an exercise where students look at photographs and are to come up with a narrative that goes with each photograph. They may look at a photograph and say, "The man and woman are a couple, they just had a fight. They've been fighting for a long time, they're tired. The woman has realized that she no longer wants to be in the relationship, but the man still wants to keep trying - he's feeling hopeful. The dog is the man's dog. She doesn't like his dog, etc." Turns out that the Yale University of Medicine believes that learning how to read paintings and other forms of art, observing details and synthesizing a meaning has significant value. So much so that they now have a required class where they do just that.

Have you seen the movie Adaptation? Do you remember, Nicholas Cage's character is suffering from writers block and he ends up at a 3 day script writing seminar by a 'Robert McKee?' If not, check out this scene:

Well, Robert McKee is a real person. He is the author of the script writers bible: Story: Substance, Structure, Style and the Principles of Screenwriting and a famous speaker and workshop leader. These days, not only are film industry types flocking to his seminars, but entrepreneurs, CEOs and MBA types are attending. The Harvard Business Review even interviewed Robert McKee. See links at the bottom. Here's an simple explanation from an online article. I've just learned that because of this phenomenon, Robert Mckee is now doing a seminar called Story in Business.

So what’s the story with Story? “Story, businesses are realizing, means big money,” writes Daniel Pink, in his new book A Whole New Mind: Why Right-Brainers Will Rule the Future. “Economists Deidre McCloskey and Arjo Klamer calculate that persuasion — advertising, counseling, consulting, and so on — accounts for 25 percent of U.S. gross domestic product. If, as some posit, Story is a component of half of those persuasive efforts, then Story is worth about $1 trillion a year to the U.S. economy.” The message to businesses? Think Pink — who writes: “3M gives its top executives storytelling lessons. NASA has begun using storytelling in its knowledge management initiatives. And Xerox — recognizing that its repair personnel learned to fix machines by trading stories rather than by reading manuals — has collected its stories into a a database called Eureka that Fortune estimates is worth $100 million to the company.”

It's difficult for me to articulate, but I believe there is connection here between what Daniel Pink describes about NARRATIVE and the kind of understanding and communication we do through narrative, and the instant understanding the Malcolm Gladwell writes about in his book Blink: The Power of Thinking Without Thinking. http://www.gladwell.com/blink/ I'll have to ponder more on this.

It makes sense what the slew of books about Powerpoint presentations seem to be getting at: data and bullet points are effective in giving you the WHAT and the HOW. But the essence of WHY, which is really the most important part, connects with people the most within a STORY.

Today, I ran across this commercial. The tagline (not spoken in English) is "Disconnect to Connect. A beautiful example of narrative.


dtac "Disconnect to Connect" from eakeart on Vimeo.

Harvard Business Review's interview with Robert McKee

Monday, July 29, 2013

2 Pi R and Making Nantucket Baskets

2 π (r+1) - 2 π r = 2 π ?

My lovely wife, Etsuko, was recently excited to tell me about something she had recently figured out about making Nantucket Baskets and how she discovered it using basic math.

First the plug: Etsuko makes museum quality Nantucket Baskets. Go to the Nantucket Lightship Basket Museum on Nantucket Island and you can usually see one of her more recent works.
The Photo above is a Nantucket Lightship Basket made by Etsuko Yashiro. We also own a business  called GrayMist Studio and Shop, where we teach classes on making Nantucket baskets.

Next: to give you reference of the etymology of Nantucket Basket parts; unlike other forms of basketry, Nantucket Baskets were developed by the coopers (barrel makers) on the old whaling ships. This is why the parts of Nantucket baskets are named differently than traditional basket parts, and are similar to the parts of a barrel.

The top of Nantucket Baskets have two wooden rims: an outer rim, and an inner rim; sandwiched between the rims are the sides of the basket, called "staves." Generally speaking, staves are made of cane, and are 1 mm thick. Traditionally, rims are made by using a tape measure and some trial and error (depending on the thickness of your tape measure). Always looking to refine a process (part of being Japanese), Etsuko decided to use math to determine the lengths of the rims for round baskets.
In this photo you can see the inner rim and the outer rim with the staves sandwiched between. This is before the lashing is wound, and the seam between the rims are hidden. Photo - http://alltuckerdout.com/atobasket/make5.jpg
This is where her interesting personal discovery comes in. She says to me "I figured out that regardless of the size of the the basket - from the smallest round basket, to the largest; the difference in length between the inner rim and the outer rim is ALWAYS a 'hair' over 6 mm."

I thought this was counter-intuitive. I told her I would have thought that the difference in length between the inner rim and the outer rim would be proportional to the size of the basket. In other words, the longer the length of the rims, the greater the difference between the two. She said she always thought so too, but anecdotally noticed over the years that no matter the size of the round basket, the difference always looked about the same.

She went on to explain this in terms of basic math. I'll spare you the details, but I'll give you the overview. If you remember, the circumference of a circle is determined by:

          2 π r (r being the radius of the circle)

This would give us the length of the inner rim.

To calculate the length of the outer rim you would just add 1 to the radius or:

         2 π (r+1)

She showed me on paper, that the difference between 2 π (r+1) and 2 π r is 2 π.
Or 2 x π x (r+1) - 2 x π x r = 2 π

Otherwise known in millimeters as 6.28 mm - or "a hair over 6 mm." Since the value of the radius cancels each other out in terms of the difference, this is always true regardless of the value of the radius.

Isn't this cool? Maybe I didn't explain this well, or maybe you're saying "DUH....everyone knows that."
Etsuko and I thought it was cool.

Geek is the New Black: Why This is Important Pt. 2.

Read Part 1 (You don't have to because it is a separate topic):  
There is a favorable opportunity in the fashionable trends and climate of "cool" for educators wanting to inspire students to fuse art, design, science and technology. Remember when people said "It's hip to be square?" Or the Huey Lewis song?

It's an interesting sentiment but it never meant much in academics. That was more about growing out of the free wheelin' hippie lifestyle and into the 80's yuppie lifestyle. When Huey Lewis sang about being "square," he was referring to "Miami Vice" blazers and skinny ties.

But today, Geek IS the New Black.

It is now fashionable and cool to be geeky. To be clear, I didn't say nerdy, I said geeky; there's a difference. 1 In the last decade there has been a very trendy and growing culture of cutting edge creatives; designers, musicians, and artists, who are fusing their approach with math, science, technology and engineering. These folks are in the forefront of developments from the likes of Google to new start-ups. They are the ones that you read and hear about who are well versed in riding the multi-million dollar waves of crowd sourcing (not surfing) and social media marketing. These are the cool geeks. They are the true Starbucks dwellers. They are hipsters.

Though it pains many hipsters to hear it, it is now the mainstream - at least Apple, Urban Outfitters, Starbucks, American Apparel, Anthropologie and even Target have successfully made it so. Don't think the hipster slacker air is the same as the Seattle Grunge slackers. No, hipsters are often highly educated and intellectual. Beyond the competence porn 2 television shows I enjoy like House and CSI, who'd have thought a sitcom about a group of Cal Tech PHD post doc geeks and engineers would be such a hit - Big Bang Theory has been running for 4 years and is now THE SECOND most watched television show. Their guests appearances have included absolute Geek Rockstars like, Stephen Hawking, Neil deGrasse Tyson, Brian Greene, Steve Wozniak, and even Ira Flatow.

As an educator, I see this as a great opportunity. This is better than student's being able to recognize an Erlenmeyer flask thanks to Breaking Bad.
In this geek/hipster culture, not only is it  COOL to be educated, literate and intellectual, it's also cool to be creative and innovative in ways that intersect with science, math and engineering. Allow me to provide a primer on some of these related subcultures.

Geek Culture
Last year I met an intriguing young woman named Chrissi, who was steeped in a number of counter-cultures, and subcultures. Through her, I learned more about the hipster culture; was introduced to a number of geek cultures, including the makers movement, hacker spaces, cosplay and anime; and that Burning Man is more than just naked people high on X, dancing in the desert (it IS that too).

Chrissi was just as excited to meet with friends at the Science Museum as she was finding an after hours rave. She would quote from Carl Sagan, talk about quantum physics, was an avid participant of Anime conventions, and at the time I met her, was troubleshooting a series of interconnected LED relay switches for an installation/dome/tent for an upcoming Burning Man event.

Hipster Culture
This young woman piqued my interest in the hipster culture. I went to Williamsburg NY to see the home and breeding ground of hipsterdom. Williamsburg is hopping with creativity and enterprise. It is a refined version of the most creative days of the Greenich Village. This is because hipsters are more entrepreneurial than the Greenich village bohemians. My favorite description of hipsters comes from the Urban Dictionary:

"Hipsters are a subculture of men and women typically in their 20's and 30's that value independent thinking, counter-culture, progressive politics, an appreciation of art and indie-rock, creativity, intelligence, and witty banter. The greatest concentrations of hipsters can be found living in the Williamsburg, Wicker Park, and Mission District neighborhoods of major cosmopolitan centers such as New York, Chicago, and San Francisco respectively. Although "hipsterism" is really a state of mind, it is also often intertwined with distinct fashion sensibilities. Hipsters reject the culturally-ignorant attitudes of mainstream consumers, and are often seen wearing vintage and thrift store inspired fashions, tight-fitting jeans, old-school sneakers, and sometimes thick rimmed glasses. Both hipster men and women sport similar androgynous hair styles that include combinations of messy shag cuts and asymmetric side-swept bangs. Such styles are often associated with the work of creative stylists at urban salons, and are usually too "edgy" for the culturally-sheltered mainstream consumer. The "effortless cool" urban bohemian look of a hipster is exemplified in Urban Outfitters and American Apparel ads which cater towards the hipster demographic. Despite misconceptions based on their aesthetic tastes, hipsters tend to be well educated and often have liberal arts degrees, or degrees in maths and sciences, which also require certain creative analytical thinking abilities. Consequently many hipsters tend to have jobs in the music, art, and fashion industries. It is a myth that most hipsters are unemployed and live off of their parent's trust funds.

Hipsters shun mainstream societal conventions that apply to dating preferences and traditional "rules" of physical attraction. It is part of the hipster central dogma not to be influenced by mainsream advertising and media, which tends to only promote ethnocentric ideals of beauty. The concepts of androgyny and feminism have influenced hipster culture, where hipster men are often as thin as the women they date. The muscular and athletic all-American male ideal is not seen as attractive by confident and culturally-empowered hipster women who instead view them as symbols of male oppression, sexism, and misogyny. Likewise, culturally-vapid sorority-type girls with fake blond hair, overly tanned skin, and "Britney Spears tube-tops" are not seen as attractive by cultured hipster males who instead see them as symbols of female insecurity, low self-esteem, and lack of cultural intelligence and independent thinking. Hipsters are also very racially open-minded, and the greatest number of interracial couples in any urban environment are typically found within the hipster subculture.

Although hipsters are technically conformists within their own subculture, in comparison to the much larger mainstream mass, they are pioneers and leaders of the latest cultural trends and ideals. For example, the surge of jeans made to look old and worn (i.e. "distressed"), that have become prevalent at stores such as The Gap, American Eagle, Abercrombie and Fitch, and Hollister, were originally paraded by hipsters who shopped in thrift stores years before such clothing items were mass produced and sold to the mainstream consumer.

Maker Culture
Chrissi also had friends who were grand "tinkerers." This is how I learned of the existence of the NY Maker Faire, a festival of invention, creativity and resourcefulness, and a celebration of the Maker movement. Here is a description of the Maker Culture from Wikipedia:

The maker culture is a contemporary culture or subculture representing a technology-based extension of DIY culture. Typical interests enjoyed by the maker culture include engineering-oriented pursuits such as electronics, robotics, 3-D printing, and the use of CNC tools, as well as more traditional activities such as metalworking, woodworking, and traditional arts and crafts. The subculture stresses new and unique applications of technologies, and encourages invention and prototyping. There is a strong focus on using and learning practical skills and applying them creatively.


The Artisan's Asylum and Hackerspaces
The Maker Movement has spawned many communal work spaces. One of the largest such spaces is the Artisan's Asylum in Somerville MA. I have helped to organize a tour of the Artisan Asylum for a group of Math, Science, Computer and Art teachers from Lincoln-Sudbury Regional High this summer. There is also a studio in Providence RI called AS220. More from Wikipedia:


The rise of the maker culture is closely associated with the rise of hackerspaces, of which there are now over 100 in the United States, and many around the world. Hackerspaces allow like-minded individuals to share ideas, tools, and skillsets. Some notable hackerspaces which have been linked with the maker culture include Noisebridge, NYC Resistor, A2 Mech Shop, Pumping Station: One, Artisan's Asylum, and TechShop. In addition, those who identify with the subculture can be found at more traditional universities with a technical orientation, such as MIT (specifically around "shop" areas like the MIT Hobby Shop). As maker culture becomes more popular, hackerspaces are becoming more common in universities.

NOTE: One section of the Artisan Asylum is occupied by a "nerd biker gang" called SCUL. Part performance art, part kinetic sculpture, funky, and fringe-y, they are quite an interesting bunch. One of the members of the Science department at L-S is an official longstanding member (Not pictured below). You can read about SCUL here, and this is their homepage.


Burning Man
Lastly, Chrissi was a member of a "crew"called Acavallo. Acavallo is a team of volunteers who helped to put together a full size pirate ship/carousel/band stand/dance stand with moving horses and gas fired flames. Their project involved design, martketing, recruiting, CAD, engineering, and metal fabrication. Although Acavallo presented their ship at a number of events, the grand event was Burning Man. I had always thought Burning Man was just a Grateful Dead Concert with naked people high on X. Though I've never attended, I've learned that the annual Burning Man event hosts some of the most impressive installations, interactive sculptures and kinetic sculptures I have ever seen (photos of).  Highlights of the Acavallo team warrants it's own post - COMING SOON. I will end this post with photographs from various Burning Man events. Keep in mind that one of the main premises of Burning Man is that once it is over, is to leave the Nevada desert without a trace of the event.





























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1. Hey! this is so cool HTML footnotes! - Geeks are really into specific things, whereas nerds are socially awkward. Of course the two often overlap.
2. "Competence Porn" is a term that was coined by screenwriter John Rogers who used the term on his Blog, Kung Fu Monkey